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Infectious bursal disease is an extremely contagious disease in the poultry business and causes immunosuppression in cattle. Genome-wide regulations of immune response genes of cows with different genetic histories, following quite virulent infectious bursal disease virus infection are characterized. This study aims to analyse the bursal tissue transcriptome of 2 inbred chicken lines 7, 6, 15, N, P and O following infection with vvIBDV strain UK661 using strand-specific next-generation sequencing, by highlighting significant genes and pathways involved with the infected poultry during peak infection at 3times post-infection.

All chickens succumbed to the infection without major variations among the different lines.

Based on the viral loads and bursal lesion scoring, lines 6 and P may be considered as the very vulnerable lines, whereas N and traces 15 had been considered as the least affected lines. Transcriptome profiling of the bursa identified 4588 genes to be differentially expressed, with 2985 upregulated and also 1642 downregulated genes, where these genes have been commonly or uniquely detected in all or infected traces. Genes which were upregulated are mainly pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and IFN-related. Numerous genes which are associated with B-cell functions and genes related to apoptosis have been downregulated, together with the genes.

In conclusion, bursal transcriptome profiles of inbred lines showed differential expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, Th1 cytokinessignalling genes, MAPK signalling genes, along with their related pathways following vvIBDV infection.

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